There has never been any evidence that Nicodemo Cotrone -- father of Vincenzo (Vic), Giuseppe (Pep), Frank Sr. (Santos), et al. -- was part of the Picciotteria or l'Onorata società, let alone had 'ndrangheta roots. Vic Cotroni most definitely came into contact with 'ndrangheta members after being inducted into the American La Cosa Nostra in the 1950s -- who knows whether he had contact before then? -- and he even permitted a small group of 'ndranghetisti in Montreal to conduct their meetings in at least one of his establishments.

One of Pep Cotroni's drivers, Domenico Torrente, was very likely an 'ndrangheta member affiliated with the Siderno Group in Toronto, but this doesn't mean Pep was a member of the 'ndrangheta or had 'ndrangheta roots. If Cotrones had early and then enduring influence in the locale or 'ndrina in Mammola, the name of a Cotrone clan would have appeared in print at some point over the last seven decades, let's say, in Italian-language newspaper articles, books, anti-ndrangheta investigations, arrest warrants, etc. But such a clan has not, whereas the Callà clan and Macrì clan have.

Paolo Violi had deep, extensive connections to the 'ndrangheta. An 'ndrangheta expert like Antonio Nicaso knows this but is always careful in his articles and books to identify Violi as a made member of the Bonanno Family who was an acting captain. Why does Nicaso do so? Because he and we don't know if and when Violi and his brothers were inducted into the 'ndrangheta. On the other hand, we know, for example, that 'ndrangheta member Vincenzo Melia, who had connections to Montreal over the course of at least 30 years, was inducted in Calabria in 1962. He might have been one of the earliest 'ndrangheta members to move to Quebec and live there for some time, although it should be noted that a number of such members also spent time living in various cities in Connecticut and/or Toronto.

One of the younger individuals charged in Project Colisée in November 2006 was likely a member of the small 'ndrangheta group in Quebec that appears to have roots in the province going back to the 1960s. But to no one's surprise, he was working in concert with people considered to be in the orbit of the Montreal Mafia.

Domenico Musitano Sr.'s uncle Angelo, the so-called Beast of Delianuova, was very likely an 'ndrangheta member. There seems to be evidence that Musitano Sr. and brother Tony were also 'ndrangheta members, but we don't have evidence that Musitano Sr.'s sons -- Pat, the murdered Angelo, and Domenico Jr. -- are/were members of this secret society.