Both and more rooted.

Of the three large Italian criminal organizations, the Calabrian 'ndrangheta has infiltrated the legal economy of Northern Italy to a wider extent and deeper into control, says the Bank of Italy, thousands of companies and dozens of billions of turnover. With a precise territorial rooting. Mafia, camorra and 'ndrangheta, in fact, overlap substantially in large cities such as Milan, Rome, Bologna. But the Calabrians seem to have an almost capillary, branched and exclusive presence in the North-West: from the Emilia of Parma and Piacenza to the whole of Liguria, Piedmont, up to the Brianza and the Varesotto. In comparison, Cosa Nostra and the Camorra appear to be more regional phenomena and more linked to the South, as indeed results from their economic dynamics or - it would perhaps be more accurate to say - corporate. The 'ndrangheta, in fact, has, thanks also to its international projections in drug trafficking, a turnover (3.5 billion euros a year) almost double compared to the Sicilian mafia, but also much less linked to the territories of origin. The turnover of Cosa Nostra and the Camorra is 60 per cent linked to their activities in Sicily and Campania, respectively. For the 'ndrangheta, on the other hand, the quota originating in Calabria does not exceed 23 per cent.