That's what I questioned about some of these documents and the actuality of those situations. There's so much information focus on the Italian criminal element that it gives the assumption they roll over the Black racketeers. I don't think it was the case and some racketeers didn't kick up at all or most of their profits. I argue that due to those times (Jim Crow) the investigators overlooked many black racketeers and disregard any information coming from their end of the story. In Chicago , Big 12 syndicate had a long run and with stood the Outfit which was at its peak. NYC focus on Queen/Bumpy & Genovese in Harlem but not much info on Bed-Stuy and few other black communities racketeers. Detroit racketeers collaborated and reach an agreement with the local crime family but no takeover per say. The South have Baltimore, DC, Atlanta, & Nashville numbers racket being unexplored in depth.
Back in those times, the numbers policy game was most popular in Harlem, that's why you only tend to hear about Bumpy & Queen and Schultz and the Luciano/Genovese Family. It simply wasn't as popular in the other boroughs. But Harlem is where it generated the most money, and while the Italians always had numbers operations which generated income in Harlem and other places, like Willie Moretti's operation, and the LaSalle Brothers, none of them were bigger than the Schultz/Terranova operation. And we all know how Schultz operation got so big, with the help of the Italians combined with his syndicate, they took over. Like I said, some black racketeer's made deals, like Johnson and Genovese. The ones that weren't killed existed, but only as "outlaw" banks, meaning they were plugged with the Italians or Jews and hence were considered outlaws, and because of that they weren't allowed participation in the fixed winning combinations, which was controlled by the Italians, and is a large reason why they all got so rich in the numbers game. The Big 12 in Chicago were doing their thing until Sam Giancana came along and demanded everything, and he got it. There's a racketeer whose name I'm forgetting right now, black guy, and he fought Giancana AND the Outfit and after two attempts on his life, in which he lived, Outfit guys were scared to go after him because he developed a reputation of being invincible, he lasted for a few years during this "war" with Giancana & The Outfit, but years later he was killed by Teets Battaglia & Marshall Caifano. And his operations also went to The Outfit.
The Detroit alliance with the black bookies came much later on towards the late 60s/70s. And places you mention like Baltimore, DC, ATL & Nashville, those places NEVER had a large Italian organizational presence in the first place, so it was easier for black racketeers to prosper and profit.
