1. Billion Dollar Congress: During the administration of Benjamin Harrison, Harrison stayed the hell out of congresses way and essentially left the law making in our land to the congressional leaders, now republicans who won big during the previous election and passed landmark legislation.

2. Czar Reed: Thomas B. Reed, speaker of the house during the Harrison administration would see the Billion Dollar congressional situation come through. He gained the title of Czar Reed because he pushed through new parliamentary rules to speed up lawmaking and pushed through articles he believed in.

3. McKinley Tariff: Congressman William McKinley was the largest proponent of this law, which would average ad valorem tariff rate for imports to the United States at 60%, and protected agriculture.

4. Election of 1892:

5. Bussines Issues:

6. Laissez Faire: French term that was adapted by Adam Smith in his writings and would be a conrner stone in his idea of capitolisim leaving the free-market pretty much free, without govt. interference.

7. Adam Smith: Eighteenth century Scottish philosopher who popularized the idea of capitalism and such thoughts as Laissez Faire in his popular work, “The Wealth of Nations”.

8. Union Pacific and Central Pacific RR: The Pacific Railway act of 1862 led to the construction of the first transcontinental railway connecting both coasts of the United States to one another. The two companies embarking upon this would be the Union Pacific and the Central Pacific with the Union Pacific building on west through the Rockies and the Central running through California until the met in Promontory Point in 1869 in a grand ceremony.

9. Credit Mobilier: The Crédit Mobilier of America scandal of 1872 involved the Union Pacific Railroad and the Crédit Mobilier of America construction company. The company, charged with limiting the expenses of the construction also let members of congress who voted for the railroad cheep stock prices.

10. “Robber Barons”: A term coined for the select group of American insdustrialists who dominated the time period and their industries of the late 1800’s to the early 1900’s.

• Andrew Carnegie: Scottish born industrialist who builds the “Carnegie Steel Company” which would become U.S. Steel, one of the greatest corporations ever.
• John D. Rockefeller: Bussines man who through controversial business practices made his “Standard Oil” company the great oil refiner of its time.
• Henry Clay Frick: Went into business producing coke from coal and was a millionaire by the age of thirty. hired by Andrew Carnegie, he would become a major part of Carnegies institution but ended when Frick, truly anti-labor, broke off.
• Charles Schwab: President of the “Carnegie Steel Company”, he organises the buy out of the company when Carnegie want to retire. The buyout was led by folks like J.P Morgan and then winds up as the first president of “U.S. Steel”, the reminants of Carnegie’s org.
• James G. Hill:
• J. Piermont Morgon: J.P. Morgan was an American financier and banker, who during his time was one of the welthiest men in America. He bought and financed “U.S. Steel” amoung other ventures along with the creation of General Electics.
• Gustavus Swift: Creater of a meat packing empire, he allowed Americans access to meat around the country with his ice-cooled meat rail cars but also was leader of an empire that used hardly any sanitation whatsoever in the handling of its product.
• Philip Armour: Swift’s rival in the meet packing empire, he was one of the first to find uses of meat that in other instances would be thrown out.

Sorry. Had to revert to this to print out some work.