Yes, Vito was expressing, perfectly, the Sicilian attitude that family isn't everything--it's the only thing--and that government comes last. He wasn't being unpatriotic, just Sicilian. Plus, he had a strong dose of cynicism about government, too--most emphatically expressed in his speech to Bonasera.
Vito wasn't anti-American. He was distrustful of government, because he realized, from his own experiences, that government doesn't run itself--it's made up of men who make decisions, and are therefore weak, corrupt, unjust, venal, etc.
But isn't it ironic that he took advantage of the American "system" and way of life to "make a living". Sure in the beginning he was forced to come here, to hide from the local don back home, but eventually he could have left, and found happiness elsewhere, but Vito found "paradise" here and stayed around and joined in the prosperity.
