Before the Castellammarese War took place between 1929-1931, the power stature and "lineup" of Families in NYC was largely as follows;

Masseria (Genovese) Family; Boss - Giuseppe Masseria, Underboss - Giuseppe Morello (later Charles Luciano)
Maranzano (Bonanno) Family; Boss - Salvatore Maranzano, future Underboss - Giuseppe Bonanno [Cola Schiro technically was boss at one time, but he was quickly pushed aside and dismissed in favor of Maranzano as the conflict with Masseria escalated, before the actual war.]
D'Aquilla (Gambino) Family; Boss - Salvatore D'Aquilla,
Reina (Lucchese) Family; Boss - Gaetano Reina, Underboss - Gaetano Gagliano
DiBella (Colombo) Family; Boss - Salvatore DiBella, Underboss - Giuseppe Profaci [this particular borgata also saw Giuseppe Peraino and several others as early leaders so the exact chronology of succession is a bit muddy]

But remember too that others played significant roles such as Joe Pinzolo up in Harlem, Michael Abbatemarco in Brooklyn, Giuseppe Traina of Lower Manhattan, etc., etc. There were many shiftings of alliances that later helped cause, and divide, the divisions of power in NYC, and by extension the entire country, both before (and during) the war.
---
And as Turnbulll stated, after Luciano agreed to kill Masseria, ending the war. Soon Maranzano attempted a power play which in turn made the younger members kill him too. Thereafter the Commission was formed to provide a more stable and equitable division of power and negotiation between the families. Ultimately the Five Families looked something like this in 1931-32;

Luciano Family; Boss - Salvatore Luciano, Underboss - Vito Genovese
Bonanno Family; Boss - Joseph Bonanno, Underboss - Frank Garofalo
Mangano Family; Boss - Vincent Mangano, Underboss; Frank Scalici (later Albert Anastasia)
Gagliano Family; Boss - Gaetano Gagliano, Underboss - Gaetano Lucchese
Profaci Family; Boss - Giuseppe Profaci, Underboss (changed several times, but initially possibly Salvatore Profaci, who later moved to the consigliere position)