I'm not big on tournaments. Because of the way they're structured, I feel that way too much luck is involved. Also, I don't really care for Hold 'Em.
But I do play seven card stud cash games quite frequently in Atlantic City, and have done OK over the years.
I find that the bigger the game, the better the players (no surprise there), but I've found my niche in $10 limit and usually win.
As soon as I move up in class to the $20 limit games though, I wind up getting outplayed too frequently.
To answer a couple of your questions, TIS....
In a tournament, you play only one game - usually Texas Hold 'Em, like you see a lot of on TV,
There are no "big losers". Everyone pays the same entry fee (the "buy-in", which in HSIG's case was $15). That's the most that you can lose.
In exchange for the entry fee, everyone receives the same amount in "tournament chips" - say $1000.
Then everyone starts to play.
In a tournament with 650 people, they start with 65 full tables of ten people each. As players are eliminated by losing their tournament chips, they keep consolidating the tables until it's down to just one table with ten people.
The tournament which HSIG descriibed had 650 entrants, paying $15 each, so the total prize pool was $9750.
The "house" (the casino or poker club which was running the tournament) probably took about $2000 or so right off the top as their profit, leaving about $7750 to be divided among the top finishers.
If he finished third and won $800, in a tournament with 650 entrants I'd guess the prize structure went something like this:
1st: $1200
2nd: 1000
3rd: 800
4th: 700
5th: 600
6th: 500
7th: 400
8th: 300
9th: 200
10th thru 19th: 100
20th thru 29th: 50
30th thru 39th: 25